Heat cramps symptoms and treatment?

• A. Fever and AMS
• B. Severe dehydration requiring IV fluids
• C. Benign muscle cramping caused by dehydration; treat with PO fluids
• D. Nausea and vomiting only

Answer: (C)

Heat cramps are a mild heat-related issue caused by dehydration and loss of electrolytes from heavy sweating. The hallmark is sudden, painful muscle cramps, usually in the calves, thighs, or abdomen, with normal mental status and no fever.

The best approach is to stop activity and replace fluids by mouth, preferably with an electrolyte-containing drink. Gently stretch the affected muscle and allow a bit of rest. This simple, oral rehydration approach is enough in most cases.

IV fluids or more aggressive treatment aren’t needed unless the person cannot keep fluids down, or if symptoms escalate to heat exhaustion or heat stroke (eg, confusion, dizziness, fainting, vomiting, or significant dehydration).